Final+Exam+Review


 * =Final Exam Review=**

Chapter 11
 * World War One**

1. How did each of the following long-term causes contribute to the outbreak of war: the formation of alliances, nationalism, imperialism, and militarism? 2. What nations comprised the Central Powers (Triple Alliance)? Allies (Triple Entente)? 3. How did the assassination of Franz Ferdinand spark the outbreak of war? 4. What was the new style of warfare that developed in Europe (especially along the western front)? 5. What new weapons were created to overcome the stalemate this new warfare produced? 6. How did U-boats impact the war? 7. Why did the United States follow a policy of neutrality until 1917? 8. Explain how the following convinced the United States that neutrality was no longer an option: Lusitania, Sussex, Sussex Pledge, resumption of U-boat attacks, Zimmerman Note, and the Russian Revolution. 9. How did the following help mobilize America for war: Selective Service Act, War Industries Board, War Labor Board, Food Administration, Fuel Administration, and Liberty Loans? (Think of the intentions and accomplishments of each.) 10. How did the Trading with the Enemy Act, the Sedition Act, and the Espionage Act compromise civil liberties? 11. What were the main ideas of the Fourteen Points? 12. How did the Treaty of Versailles attempt to create / maintain peace in Europe after WWI? 13. How did the Treaty of Versailles affect Germany? 14. Why didn’t Congress ratify the Treaty of Versailles?

Chapters 12- 13
 * The Roaring Twenties**

15. Describe the Red Scare? What was the connection between communists, anarchists, and political radicals to the Red Scare? 16. What happened to Sacco and Vanzetti? How was their trial and execution linked to the Red Scare? 17. What was the Teapot Dome scandal? 18. How did advertising and credit affect the American economy? 19. Why was the prosperity of the 1920s considered superficial? 20. Describe popular culture during the 1920s. 21. What were the social, political, and economic changes that affected women in the 1920s? 22. What was the impact of the automobile ? 23. What was the Harlem Renaissance and the Lost Generation? 24. What was the issue and result of the Scopes Monkey Trial? How did this trial help to illustrate the urban/rural divide and the clash of conservative and progressive cultures? 25. How did the role of women change in the 1920s (think: flappers, double standard, work opportunities, family life, etc)? 26. What were the racial trends in the 1920s? (think: Great Migration and the Ku Klux Klan.) 27. Describe the problems with the enforcement of prohibition and the Volstead Act? How did prohibition impact the life of 1920s Americans? 28. What role did the stock market play in the economy and society of the 1920s (think: margin buying, speculation, etc.)? 29. Why is the decade of the 1920s called both “The Jazz Age” and the “Roaring Twenties”? How did this decade both unify and divide America?

Chapters 14- 15
 * The Great Depression and New Deal**

30. What factors led to the stock market crash on Black Tuesday? 31. What were the long-term and immediate causes of the Great Depression? 32. Describe the immediate reactions to the Great Depression by President Hoover’s administration. 33. Describe the effects of the Great Depression on American citizens. 34. Describe the Dust Bowl and the migration patterns of the Okies. 35. What brought the “Bonus Army” to Washington D.C. and how did Congress respond to their demands? 36. Explain the differences between Hoover’s idea of rugged individualism and FDR’s belief in direct relief? 37. What was the philosophy motivating the New Deal. 38. What was the intent of the Emergency Banking Act and ensuing Bank Holiday? Did the Bank Holiday achieve its aim? 39. What was the purpose of FDR’s fireside chats? 40. Explain the following programs of the New Deal: Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), Public Works Administration (PWA), Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), National Recovery Act (NRA), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Works Progress Administration (WPA), National Labor Relations Act – Wagner Act. 41. Explain FDR’s battle with the Supreme Court (court packing). What were the effects of this crisis? 42. What were the critics of the New Deal? 43. Explain the Fair Labor Standards Act and explain why it was important in raising the standard of living for all Americans. 44. Explain the long-term/enduring effects of the Great Depression.

Chapters 16- 17
 * World War Two**

45. How was World War Two a direct result of World War One and the Treaty of Versailles? 46. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, what was America’s foreign policy? What prompted popular support for this policy? 47. What was President Roosevelt’s reaction to the start of the war in Europe? 48. Explain the purposes and limitations of the Washington Conferences and the Kellogg-Brian Pact. 49. What general factors let to the rise of dictators in Italy, Germany, Japan, and the USSR throughout the 1920s and 1930s? 50. What is fascism? What were the reasons that fascism rose in nations like Italy, Germany, and Spain? 51. How did Germany, Japan, and Italy demonstrate militarism and imperialism in Asia, Africa, and Europe in the years preceding World War Two. 52. What was the rationale for and examples of Europe’s policy of appeasement? 53. What was the outcome of the Munich Conference? What was the irony of Prime Minister Chamberlain’s statement about securing “peace in our time”? 54. What was the immediate cause of World War Two? 55. Explain America’s foreign policy statements in the beginning of World War Two. (Neutrality Acts, cash-and-carry, Selective Service and Training Act, Lend-Lease Act, “arsenal of democracy,” Atlantic Charter) 56. What was the Nazi goal of the Battle of the Atlantic? 57. Explain what happened on December 7, 1941 that would lead President Roosevelt to describe it as “a date that will live in infamy.” What was the American response to the actions of this date? 58. Identify the principal nations of the Allied and Axis power. Who lead each of these nations? 59. How did the US government display their distrust of people of Japanese descent in the USA? How did the Nisei seek to break the stereotype? 60. What was the blitzkrieg tactic used by the Nazis in Poland and Britain? 61. Explain genocide as used by the Nazis.